NEISSERIAE MENINGITIS



NEISSERIAE MENINGITIDIS





Neisseriae menigitidis
Describe the normal habitat Nesseriae menigitidis
·         Nasopharynx inabout 10% in health people


 Describe the morphology Nesseriae menigitidis
  • Gram negative diplococci with their joined sides flattened.Its not possible not differiate when in clusters.
 Describe the mode of transmission and pathogenicity of  Nesseriae  menigitidis 
Nesseriae menigitidis is transmitted :-
  • Through inhalation of contaminated air droplets.This can be  gotten from overcrowded area.
PATHOGENICITY-
Nesseriaemenigitidis causes:-
  • Pyogenic menigitidis.Its associated with headache,vomiting,stiffneck.
  • Menigosepticaemia.Epidemic occur mostly in hot dry season where the organism penetrate nasal pharynx easily.
  • Menigococcal bacteremia with DIC haemolysis with toxaemia leading to severe shock and coma(water house friderichsen syndrome)
  • Occasionally chronic meningococcal arthritis and endocarditis.
 Enzymes produced by Nesseriae menigitidis 
Enzymes
The above pathogenicity is due to production/secretion of enzymes
These enzymes enable the bacteria to attack an individual and cause a disease or an infection. They include:-
  Beta lactamase

 Describe the laboratory diagnosis Nesseriae menigitidis 
1.SPECIMENS
  CSF
2.CULTURE CHARACTERISTICS


  • Its an aerobe or facultative aerobe.
  • They grow best in moist carbon dioxide environment.
  • It’s a delicate organism so it needs enriched media.
  • It’s a fastidious organism and delay should be avoided when culturing.
  • Isolation is done on :-
(i)Chocolate(heated blood agar)
(ii)Muller Hinton agar
(i)Columbia diphasic media-for blood culture
(i)Chocolate(heated blood agar)
  They are small grey raised colonies after an over night incubation at 35-37 0c in carbon dioxide.
(ii)Muller Hinton agar
  It allows growth of the orhanisms without adding blood.
(iii)Columbia Diphasic media
  For growth of the bacteria in blood samples.
.
3.BIOCHEMICAL TESTS
Neisseriae gonorrhea is:-
  • Oxidase positive
  • Ferments glucose,lactose Maltose and sucrose
PREVENTION
  Treat all infected cases.
  Avoid over crowding in epidemics
  Living in well ventilated houses
  Avoid contact with infected materials


Key Points 
Define Neisserie
This is a Gram negative  intrcellular diplococci occurring in pair joined at the end.
Describe the mode of transmission and pathogenicity Nesseriae menegitidis
 is transmitted :-
  Inhalation of infected droplets

BIOCHEMICAL TESTS
Neisseriae gonorrhea is:-
  • Oxidase positive
  • Ferments glucose,lactose, Maltose and sucrose


Evaluation 
·         List 2 media used to isolate Nesseriae menegitidi



REFERENCES
·         Ivan M. Roitt & Peter J.Delves ROITTS ESSENTIAL IMMUNOLOGY, 10th Edition, (2004) Replika press  Pvt.ltd ,india
·         Monica Cheesbrough – MEDICAL LABORATORY MANUAL FOR TROPICAl Countries, part 2, Edition (2003) Cambridge University press,international sales department.
·         Monica Cheesbrough – MEDICAL LABORATORY MANUAL FOR TROPICAL COUNTRIES, volume 2, Microbiology, Edition (1984) Cambridge University press.
·         Warren Levinson. MD,PHD– Medical Microbiology & Immunology edition (2004) Mc Graw –HillCompanies

·         Satish Gupte THE SHORT TEXT BOOK FOR MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY(including parasitology) 10th Edition, (2004) Replika press  Pvt.ltd ,india 

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