Itchy eyes
Itchy eyes - Causes treatment
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Itchy eyes, also referred to as ocular pruritis, affect many people and are a common reason for visiting the ophthalmologist. It can be caused by a variety of conditions, including allergies and infection.
Atopic keratoconjunctivitis
This is the Inflammation of the cornea and the conjunctiva (the membrane that covers the front of the eye). This is a condition in which a person is genetically predisposed to an abnormal allergic reaction to a specific allergen. People with this medical condition produce higher than average levels of antibodies, and these may affect them all year round.
If the condition is not treated, the following symptoms may occur:
This is another condition where the membrane that covers the front of the eye becomes inflamed. The condition affects young boys most often and people with VKC typically present with raised, hard, cobblestone-like bumps on the upper eyelid.
Although commonly a seasonal condition, there are some people who experience VKC all year round. Some individuals who experience severe VKC may go on to develop corneal ulcers and scarring.
Allergic conjunctivitis
Allergic conjunctivitis occurs when the inner membrane covering the eye is irritated by an allergen. Some common causes of this allergic reaction include:
Atopic dermatitis
A form of eczema, this condition results in patches of dry and scaly skin. It can be irritating to the skin surrounding the eye, as well as other parts of the body.
Dry eye syndrome
When the eye lacks moisture and lubrication, dry eyes can ensue. The eyes are less protected and more sensitive to dust or other airborne particles. This condition can lead to inflammation and scarring.
Meibomian gland dysfunction
The Meibomian glands are located in the upper and lower eyelids and are responsible for oil secretion. When these glands are blocked or develop abnormally, tears produced by the eyes will not contain enough of the oil needed to maintain moisture.
Blepharitis
This is a condition that causes inflammation of the eyelids in response to antigens produced by the staphylococcal bacteria and possibly eyelid mites.
Contact lens-induced conjunctivitis
Contact lens wearers may at times experience an infection from contact lens use. At times, the cornea can be damaged and become scarred.
Giant papillary conjunctivitis
This eye condition is often related to an allergic reaction of some sort and may present as large bumps under the eyelids.
Causes include:
The eyes are not immune to bacterial and viral infections. Some of the common bacteria found in infectious conjunctivitis include:
Treatment options for itchy eyes will depend on the cause. Options may include certain treatments and recommendations, such as:
Causes
Certain medical conditions can cause itchy eyes, as well as other accompanying symptoms. Some conditions may include:Atopic keratoconjunctivitis
This is the Inflammation of the cornea and the conjunctiva (the membrane that covers the front of the eye). This is a condition in which a person is genetically predisposed to an abnormal allergic reaction to a specific allergen. People with this medical condition produce higher than average levels of antibodies, and these may affect them all year round.
If the condition is not treated, the following symptoms may occur:
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- ulcers
- scarring
- cataracts
- keratoconus, where the cornea thins and causes a cone-shaped bulge to develop
- corneal vascularization, where blood vessels grow into the cornea
This is another condition where the membrane that covers the front of the eye becomes inflamed. The condition affects young boys most often and people with VKC typically present with raised, hard, cobblestone-like bumps on the upper eyelid.
Although commonly a seasonal condition, there are some people who experience VKC all year round. Some individuals who experience severe VKC may go on to develop corneal ulcers and scarring.
Allergic conjunctivitis
Allergic conjunctivitis occurs when the inner membrane covering the eye is irritated by an allergen. Some common causes of this allergic reaction include:
- pollen
- mold
- grass
- weeds
- pet dander
- dust
- dust mites
- irritating substances, such as makeup, lotion, or contact lens solution
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| ntangakeneth.blogspot.com |
A form of eczema, this condition results in patches of dry and scaly skin. It can be irritating to the skin surrounding the eye, as well as other parts of the body.
Dry eye syndrome
When the eye lacks moisture and lubrication, dry eyes can ensue. The eyes are less protected and more sensitive to dust or other airborne particles. This condition can lead to inflammation and scarring.
Meibomian gland dysfunction
The Meibomian glands are located in the upper and lower eyelids and are responsible for oil secretion. When these glands are blocked or develop abnormally, tears produced by the eyes will not contain enough of the oil needed to maintain moisture.
Blepharitis
This is a condition that causes inflammation of the eyelids in response to antigens produced by the staphylococcal bacteria and possibly eyelid mites.
Contact lens-induced conjunctivitis
Contact lens wearers may at times experience an infection from contact lens use. At times, the cornea can be damaged and become scarred.
Giant papillary conjunctivitis
This eye condition is often related to an allergic reaction of some sort and may present as large bumps under the eyelids.
Causes include:
- VKC
- atopic keratoconjunctivitis
- contact lens use
- artificial eye use
- exposed sutures
The eyes are not immune to bacterial and viral infections. Some of the common bacteria found in infectious conjunctivitis include:
- N. gonorrhoeae
- Neisseria meningitides
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Haemophilus influenza
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Chlamydia trachomatis
Other causes
At times, certain medications can cause eye problems and side effects like dry eye. These medications include: |
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- birth control pills
- certain antibiotics such as penicillin
- over-the-counter pain medications, such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen
- decongestants including antihistamines
- beta-blockers
- antidepressants
- artificial tears
- some acne medications
Treatments
- identifying the cause and avoiding it
- applying cool or warm compresses
- maintaining good eye hygiene
- stopping using contact lenses or using a different type
- regulating air temperature and moisture
- using of artificial tears
- cleaning the eye with a saltwater solution
- taking antibiotics or other medications
- using over-the-counter decongestants
- combining decongestants and antihistamines
- applying medication to the eyes to increase tear production
- using oral or nasal antihistamines and mast-cell stabilizers
- having steroid injections above the upper eyelid
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