NEISSERIAE MENINGITIS

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NEISSERIAE MENINGITIDIS





Neisseriae menigitidis
Describe the normal habitat Nesseriae menigitidis
·         Nasopharynx inabout 10% in health people


 Describe the morphology Nesseriae menigitidis
  • Gram negative diplococci with their joined sides flattened.Its not possible not differiate when in clusters.
 Describe the mode of transmission and pathogenicity of  Nesseriae  menigitidis 
Nesseriae menigitidis is transmitted :-
  • Through inhalation of contaminated air droplets.This can be  gotten from overcrowded area.
PATHOGENICITY-
Nesseriaemenigitidis causes:-
  • Pyogenic menigitidis.Its associated with headache,vomiting,stiffneck.
  • Menigosepticaemia.Epidemic occur mostly in hot dry season where the organism penetrate nasal pharynx easily.
  • Menigococcal bacteremia with DIC haemolysis with toxaemia leading to severe shock and coma(water house friderichsen syndrome)
  • Occasionally chronic meningococcal arthritis and endocarditis.
 Enzymes produced by Nesseriae menigitidis 
Enzymes
The above pathogenicity is due to production/secretion of enzymes
These enzymes enable the bacteria to attack an individual and cause a disease or an infection. They include:-
—  Beta lactamase

 Describe the laboratory diagnosis Nesseriae menigitidis 
1.SPECIMENS
—  CSF
2.CULTURE CHARACTERISTICS


  • Its an aerobe or facultative aerobe.
  • They grow best in moist carbon dioxide environment.
  • It’s a delicate organism so it needs enriched media.
  • It’s a fastidious organism and delay should be avoided when culturing.
  • Isolation is done on :-
(i)Chocolate(heated blood agar)
(ii)Muller Hinton agar
(i)Columbia diphasic media-for blood culture
(i)Chocolate(heated blood agar)
—  They are small grey raised colonies after an over night incubation at 35-37 0c in carbon dioxide.
(ii)Muller Hinton agar
—  It allows growth of the orhanisms without adding blood.
(iii)Columbia Diphasic media
—  For growth of the bacteria in blood samples.
.
3.BIOCHEMICAL TESTS
Neisseriae gonorrhea is:-
  • Oxidase positive
  • Ferments glucose,lactose Maltose and sucrose
PREVENTION
—  Treat all infected cases.
—  Avoid over crowding in epidemics
—  Living in well ventilated houses
—  Avoid contact with infected materials


Key Points 
Define Neisserie
This is a Gram negative  intrcellular diplococci occurring in pair joined at the end.
Describe the mode of transmission and pathogenicity Nesseriae menegitidis
 is transmitted :-
—  Inhalation of infected droplets

BIOCHEMICAL TESTS
Neisseriae gonorrhea is:-
  • Oxidase positive
  • Ferments glucose,lactose, Maltose and sucrose


Evaluation 
·         List 2 media used to isolate Nesseriae menegitidi



REFERENCES
·         Ivan M. Roitt & Peter J.Delves ROITTS ESSENTIAL IMMUNOLOGY, 10th Edition, (2004) Replika press  Pvt.ltd ,india
·         Monica Cheesbrough – MEDICAL LABORATORY MANUAL FOR TROPICAl Countries, part 2, Edition (2003) Cambridge University press,international sales department.
·         Monica Cheesbrough – MEDICAL LABORATORY MANUAL FOR TROPICAL COUNTRIES, volume 2, Microbiology, Edition (1984) Cambridge University press.
·         Warren Levinson. MD,PHD– Medical Microbiology & Immunology edition (2004) Mc Graw –HillCompanies

·         Satish Gupte THE SHORT TEXT BOOK FOR MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY(including parasitology) 10th Edition, (2004) Replika press  Pvt.ltd ,india 

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