NEISSERIAE MENINGITIS

NEISSERIAE MENINGITIDIS

Neisseriae menigitidis

Describe the normal habitat Nesseriae menigitidis

·         Nasopharynx inabout 10% in health people

 Describe the morphology Nesseriae menigitidis

• Gram negative diplococci with their joined sides flattened.Its not possible not differiate when in clusters.

 Describe the mode of transmission and pathogenicity of  Nesseriae  menigitidis 

Nesseriae menigitidis is transmitted :-

• Through inhalation of contaminated air droplets.This can be  gotten from overcrowded area.

PATHOGENICITY-

Nesseriaemenigitidis causes:-

• Pyogenic menigitidis.Its associated with headache,vomiting,stiffneck.
• Menigosepticaemia.Epidemic occur mostly in hot dry season where the organism penetrate nasal pharynx easily.
• Menigococcal bacteremia with DIC haemolysis with toxaemia leading to severe shock and coma(water house friderichsen syndrome)
• Occasionally chronic meningococcal arthritis and endocarditis.

 Enzymes produced by Nesseriae menigitidis 

Enzymes

The above pathogenicity is due to production/secretion of enzymes

These enzymes enable the bacteria to attack an individual and cause a disease or an infection. They include:-

—  Beta lactamase

 Describe the laboratory diagnosis Nesseriae menigitidis 

1.SPECIMENS

—  CSF

2.CULTURE CHARACTERISTICS

• Its an aerobe or facultative aerobe.
• They grow best in moist carbon dioxide environment.
• It’s a delicate organism so it needs enriched media.
• It’s a fastidious organism and delay should be avoided when culturing.
• Isolation is done on :-

(i)Chocolate(heated blood agar)

(ii)Muller Hinton agar

(i)Columbia diphasic media-for blood culture

(i)Chocolate(heated blood agar)

—  They are small grey raised colonies after an over night incubation at 35-37 ⁰c in carbon dioxide.

(ii)Muller Hinton agar

—  It allows growth of the orhanisms without adding blood.

(iii)Columbia Diphasic media

—  For growth of the bacteria in blood samples.

.

3.BIOCHEMICAL TESTS

Neisseriae gonorrhea is:-

• Oxidase positive
• Ferments glucose,lactose Maltose and sucrose

PREVENTION

—  Treat all infected cases.

—  Avoid over crowding in epidemics

—  Living in well ventilated houses

—  Avoid contact with infected materials

Key Points 

Define Neisserie

This is a Gram negative  intrcellular diplococci occurring in pair joined at the end.

Describe the mode of transmission and pathogenicity Nesseriae menegitidis

 is transmitted :-

—  Inhalation of infected droplets

BIOCHEMICAL TESTS

Neisseriae gonorrhea is:-

• Oxidase positive
• Ferments glucose,lactose, Maltose and sucrose

Evaluation 

·         List 2 media used to isolate Nesseriae menegitidi

REFERENCES

·         Ivan M. Roitt & Peter J.Delves ROITTS ESSENTIAL IMMUNOLOGY, 10th Edition, (2004) Replika press  Pvt.ltd ,india

·         Monica Cheesbrough – MEDICAL LABORATORY MANUAL FOR TROPICAl Countries, part 2, Edition (2003) Cambridge University press,international sales department.

·         Monica Cheesbrough – MEDICAL LABORATORY MANUAL FOR TROPICAL COUNTRIES, volume 2, Microbiology, Edition (1984) Cambridge University press.

·         Warren Levinson. MD,PHD– Medical Microbiology & Immunology edition (2004) Mc Graw –HillCompanies

·         Satish Gupte THE SHORT TEXT BOOK FOR MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY(including parasitology) 10th Edition, (2004) Replika press  Pvt.ltd ,india